Post-Election Recap

by: Andy Jesson, AOF Policy & Communications Intern

On November 7, Ohio voters approved two statewide initiatives regarding abortion access and legalization of recreational marijuana. Issue One’s passage establishes a right to abortion within the state constitution, while Issue Two legalizes the purchase, possession and consumption of marijuana for adults over the age of 21. In Central Ohio, voters gave Columbus Mayor Andrew Ginther another term in office and approved levies for local schools and public libraries.

3.9 million Ohioans cast their ballots in the November 2023 election, representing a turnout of about 49 percent of registered voters. Considering trends in different election years, 49 percent turnout is significant for a non-presidential or midterm year. In the 2022 midterms, when Ohio voted on a U.S. Senate seat and eight statewide offices, 4.2 million Ohioans cast ballots.

The results of Tuesday’s election represent victories for abortion rights advocates and proponents of marijuana legalization, however; the path forward for each issue varies.

What’s Next for Issues One and Two

When Ohio voters approved Issue One on Tuesday, they approved an amendment to the Ohio Constitution, meaning despite opposition by many members in the state legislature, lawmakers are very limited in their authority to pass laws restricting access to abortion. Passage of Issue Two makes Ohio the 24th state in the country to legalize adult recreational cannabis use. Notably, Issue Two was not an amendment to the Ohio Constitution but rather a citizen initiative. Because of this distinction, lawmakers in Columbus now possess the authority to modify the law in the coming weeks. Issue Two is set to go into effect on December 7, 2023.

Ohio House Speaker Jason Stephens and Senate President Matt Huffman have both been outspoken opponents of Issue Two, but it remains unclear how the legislature will approach making changes to the law as it was written. Ohio law is not explicit in allowing or prohibiting the legislature from repealing a law approved by voters, though doing so would undoubtedly result in legal challenges. Legislators in Columbus from both political parties doubt this is a likely path forward. Attention now shifts to how the legislature chooses to change the law prior to its implementation.

Impact on 2024

Such high turnout for an off-year election suggests a positive trajectory in voter engagement for future elections. In 2020, Ohio ranked 27th in the nation in voter turnout rate, with significant room for improvement. 2023 turnout figures are an encouraging sign in efforts to increase voter participation.

With the 2024 presidential election less than a year away, the results of Tuesday’s election signify a divide between top-level elected officials in the state and some of the views held by citizens. Despite Republican victories in all statewide races in 2022, voters approved Issue One and Issue Two, initiatives opposed by Republican leaders. With important races including a U.S. Senate seat and candidates for president on the ballot next year, it will be noteworthy to watch how candidates opposed to abortion and recreational marijuana approach the topics, and how voters respond.

Farm Bill and Government Shutdown: Impact on SNAP and WIC Programs

by: Andy Jesson, AOF Policy & Communications Intern

Over 40 million Americans, equal to about 12.5 percent of the population, receive food assistance through the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). SNAP possesses a key role in the fight against food insecurity in the United States and is the largest anti-hunger initiative in the country, both in terms of budget and number of individuals impacted. In Ohio, nearly 1.5 million individuals receive SNAP benefits.

Two upcoming deadlines for Congress present potential challenges to the immediate and long-term future of SNAP in its ability to reduce food insecurity in Ohio and nationally. On September 30, 2023, the 2018 farm bill expired, but most programs are still funded through the 2023 calendar year. On January 1, 2024, this funding will expire, meaning a new farm bill is needed by the end of the year.

Meanwhile, the November 17th deadline for a government shutdown is fast-approaching, and unless Congress passes a continuing resolution or the 12 annual appropriations bills by then, the federal government will shut down. A shutdown threatens SNAP and numerous other public programs, including WIC.

2023 Farm Bill

Long passed is the original September 30th deadline for passage of the 2023 farm bill by lawmakers in Washington.

As the end of the calendar year approaches, Congress faces three options:

1.     Temporarily extend the existing farm bill

2.     Pass a new farm bill for the next five years

3.     Allow the farm bill to remain expired

Every five years Congress passes a new farm bill which includes provisions for important social services including SNAP. The farm bill also encompasses crop insurance, commodity support, and conservation. The general consensus among D.C. insiders is the passage of a new farm bill before January 1, 2024, is highly unlikely, and the most likely outcome will be a temporary extension of the 2018 bill while negotiations continue. Allowing the farm bill to remain expired, while possible, is an unlikely outcome due to the political and policy consequences inaction would have. Temporary extension of the farm bill has historical precedence, having been done most recently in 2007 and 2012.

Disagreement over the direction of a new farm bill stems from proposed changes to the “nutrition title” of the bill. The nutrition title is the largest portion of the 2018 farm bill, which comprises around 80 percent of spending and includes operating language for programs including SNAP. In the House of Representatives, differing views regarding SNAP between Democrats, Moderate Republicans, and the more hardline Freedom Caucus presents a major roadblock in passing an updated bill. The farm bill plays a large role in determining how SNAP runs and the qualifications individuals must meet to obtain benefits, a factor to which there is widespread disagreement in Washington. All three proceeding options for Congress surrounding the farm bill impact the future direction of SNAP and accessibility for individuals on the margins of meeting program eligibility.

Government Shutdown

Since SNAP is funded through the appropriations process, the looming government shutdown poses a major threat for families receiving food assistance, despite existing contingency plans. In the event of a government shutdown later this month, funding temporarily continues for SNAP, meaning enrolled individuals still receive their benefits for the month of December. A shutdown lasting beyond December creates deep uncertainty for the short-term future of SNAP, as states may be asked to pay for SNAP without a guarantee of any federal reimbursement once the government shutdown ends. If a state is unwilling to foot the bill, residents lose SNAP benefits for as long as the government remains in a shutdown.

When a government shutdown appeared possible in September, U.S. Department of Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack noted the immediate consequences for another nutrition and healthcare program, WIC. WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) provides healthcare and nutrition services for over six million low-income mothers and children under the age of five. In September, Secretary Vilsack warned “The vast majority of WIC participants would see an immediate reduction and elimination of those benefits, which means the nutrition assistance that's provided would not be available”.

Both a potential government shutdown and failure to pass a new farm bill impact the SNAP program and its beneficiaries, albeit in different ways. A new farm bill, depending on its language, will affect the reach of SNAP and its associated guidelines, while avoiding a government shutdown is the only way to ensure families continue receiving monthly benefits through SNAP. Additionally, a government shutdown immediately impacts the millions of women and young children who benefit from WIC. As the November 17th and December 31st deadlines approach, Congressional action is needed to ensure SNAP and WIC remain effective anti-hunger programs for families in Ohio and across the country.

Minority Health Data and Research Virtual Town Hall

On Friday June 5, AOF hosted a virtual town hall event for members of the Minority Health Strike Force Data and Research Subcommittee.

Advocates for Ohio’s Future, in partnership with Policy Matters Ohio and the Children’s Defense Fund Ohio hosted three Town Hall meetings to inform the work of the Minority Health Strike Force in advance of the June 11 deadline for long-term recommendations from the Strike Force. The goal of these Town Hall meetings was to make sure that voices of our communities are represented and they have the opportunity to inform the recommendations of the MHSF.

The Minority Health Strike Force was developed by Ohio Governor Mike DeWine and charged with developing recommendations to address racial health disparities identified during the rise of COVID-19. They have already released their interim report and are planning to make final recommendations on June 11, 2020. We scheduled these virtual town hall meetings to create a forum to share our expertise and insight with the subcommittee members of the Strike Force.

Data and Research Town Hall Presenters:

• Kelley Griesmer, President & CEO, The Women’s Fund of Central Ohio

• Marie B. Curry, Managing Attorney, Community Legal Aid Services, Inc., Representing Ohio Consumers for Health Coverage

• Genelle Denzin, HMIS Data Analyst, Josh Johnson, Training and Technical Assistance Coordinator, Coalition on Homelessness and Housing in Ohio (COHHIO)

• Teresa Kobelt, Director of Strategy, Innovation, and Forecasting for the Office of Policy, The Ohio Center for Autism and Low Incidence (OCALI)

• Kelly Capatosto, Senior Research Associate, Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity

• Franco Formicelli, Director, United Way of Greater Cleveland’s 211 HelpLink, Representing the Ohio Alliance of Information and Referral Systems (Ohio AIRS)

• Jodi Long, Associate Director, Montgomery County Alcohol Drug Addiction and Mental Health Services

Access the full webinar recording HERE 
Access the slides HERE
Access the materials and recordings from the Healthcare and Education & Outreach Town Halls HERE

Ohio's Pandemic EBT Program: Food Funds for Children Missing School Meals

AOF teamed up with organizations from across Ohio to spread the word about the new Pandemic EBT program that will provide $254 million in food funds to families with children who are missing out on school meals due to COVID-19.

We hosted an informational webinar on May 29th that included an overview of the program including frequently asked questions, what school districts are doing to inform parents, and special efforts needed to reach specific populations, such as immigrant families, children in foster care, and families with unstable housing.

Access the SLIDES HERE and full WEBINAR RECORDING HERE

We’ve also included QUESTIONS & ANSWERS we didn’t get a chance to answer during the webinar.

The Pandemic Electronic Benefits Transfer (P-EBT) Program was authorized by Congress on March 18, 2020. Ohio’s P-EBT Plan received federal approval on May 12. The P-EBT Program provides grocery money to families whose children were receiving free/reduced-price meals at school.

In Ohio, no application is required for P-EBT. The Ohio Dept. of Job and Family Services (ODJFS) and Ohio Department of Education (ODE) identified 850,000 eligible children for a total of $254.5 million in federal nutrition aid.

• 60% of these children currently receive Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

• 40% of eligible children live in “non-SNAP” households and will receive a P-EBT card in the mail

Children eligible for free/reduced-price meals as of March will receive a one-time issuance of $302.10. Children who became eligible in April will receive $239.40.

Children in SNAP households (if match succeeded) – P-EBT funds will go on their existing Ohio Direction Card.

Children in Non-SNAP households – New P-EBT cards will be mailed to the address provided by the child’s school district (as of 4/29/2020).

P-EBT funds will be issued by the end of May. P-EBT cards should arrive in the mail by the end of June.

2020 Federal Poverty Level Update

Ohio’s communities thrive when people feel safe, have good jobs and can afford the basics. Unfortunately, a job doesn’t always mean a living and Ohioans across the state aren’t making enough to make ends meet.

AOF’s updated Ohio Poverty Snapshot resource card highlights that despite signs of an economic recovery, too many Ohioans are living in poverty. One side of the card shows the 2020 Federal Poverty Guidelines that are used to determine who is and who is not eligible for benefits through public support programs and the other highlights that most common Ohio jobs leave working Ohioans in need of extra support.

Join the Conversation:

• We encourage you to print and share this resource with your friends, colleagues and your state lawmakers.

• If you would like a copy of the card sent to you, please send us an email with your name and mailing address

• ◦When you talk with people, highlight that government investments in public support programs benefit all Ohioans.

AOF and Members Oppose Photo IDs on SNAP Benefit Cards

Senate Bill 165 proposes additional costly requirements, including photo identification,for SNAP electronic benefit transfer (EBT) cards

On Wednesday October 9th, several AOF members and other stakeholders testified as interested parties and opponents to Senate Bill 165 (Schafer R- District 20, Lancaster). Senate Bill 165 proposes additional requirements, including photo identification, for SNAP electronic benefit transfer (EBT) cards, intended to dissuade fraud and trafficking of SNAP cards in exchange for cash or other goods.

AOF believes in preserving the integrity of the SNAP program and that fraud and abuse should not be tolerated. However, at least 18 states have considered implementing SNAP photo EBT cards but the majority never moved forward due to concerns over cost, implementation, and effectiveness. Only four states implemented these requirements. Three of those four, New York, Missouri, and Maine, abandoned the program after repeated warnings from the Trump administration that they were violating stringent rules governing the policy, and some SNAP household members, including children and seniors entitled to use the card, were wrongly denied grocery purchases because they were not pictured.

AOF concludes the lack of effectiveness of these measures in other states, the chilling effect and negative impact on SNAP recipients’ access to food assistance and ongoing administrative burdens and costs outweigh any potential illicit activity curbed, and urges the legislature and administration to pursue other strategies for combating fraud.

Read AOF’s testimony here

Read AOF Members and other stakeholders’ testimony here under October 9, SB 165

New Biennial Budget Enacted, Policy Wins for AOF and Members

The Fiscal Year 2020-2021 State Operating Budget was passed by both chambers on July 17th and signed by Governor DeWine on July 18th. AOF and our member organizations achieved significant wins and made progress on policy priorities.

We Have A Budget!

The Ohio House and Senate resolved their differences in the budget and passed the bill with bipartisan support in both chambers hours before the interim budget ran out on Wednesday July 17th. The House passed the bill 75-17, while the Senate vote was 29-1. After 25 line-item vetoes from Governor DeWine, the bulk of them focusing on Medicaid and health care policy, the Fiscal Year 2020-2021 operating budget is signed and enacted.

AOF is thankful to Governor DeWine and the leaders of the Ohio General Assembly for passing a budget that invests in kids, families and Ohioans living in poverty. Let’s continue to build a better future together by strengthening and supporting the systems that address the basic needs of our most vulnerable Ohioans and offer a hand up on the path to self sufficiency.

Read about AOF’s policy wins and progress made in the final budget here

AOF Urges House to Oppose HB 200

HB 200 would reduce access to basic nutrition assistance in the poorest areas in the state and restrict Ohio’s ability to help its most disadvantaged workers.

Currently, there are 38 counties in Ohio on a waiver from SNAP federally-mandated work requirements for able-bodied adults (ages 18-49) without dependent children after 3 months of assistance because of limited employment opportunities in those areas.

HB 200 would prohibit the state from seeking these waivers and enact a number of additional requirements in order for people to receive food assistance.

The sponsor of HB 200 has stated the intention of the bill is to restore the dignity of Ohioans by moving them from public assistance to work. However, most SNAP recipients who are able to work already do so. The most significant barriers inhibiting SNAP recipients from meeting work requirements is a lack of long-term employment opportunities that pay a living wage and provide stable hours above the 80-hour-per-month threshold.

Instead of restricting food assistance, Advocates for Ohio’s Future urges lawmakers to oppose HB 200 and invest in quality education and job training programs across the state and provide meaningful opportunities for our most vulnerable Ohioans on their path to self-sufficiency.

Read our full comments here

AOF to Ohio Senate: Do More for Ohio's Most Vulnerable

Though we are heartened by the attention paid some issues, the basic needs and support systems of children and families have been ignored for too long, and our most vulnerable have fallen further away from the quality of life we would expect in a state as prosperous as Ohio.

Advocates for Ohio’s Future (AOF) acknowledges that Governor DeWine and the Ohio House of Representatives made significant and needed investments to support Ohioans living in poverty or dealing with mental health issues and substance use disorders. Investing in Ohio builds a better future.

“We were encouraged by the reports we heard in Senate Finance earlier this week, where the leadership of the Health and Medicaid Subcommittee highlighted additional investments and policies that build upon the work the Governor and the House have done. We fully support their inclusion of additional dollars for foodbanks, additional investments in Adult Protective Services, increasing publicly funded childcare eligibility to 150 percent of the federal poverty level, implementing a coordinated, multi-agency approach to addressing infant and maternal health and committing to address issues concerning multi-system youth and preventing custody relinquishment,” said Tara Britton, Co-Chair of AOF.

“However, news from the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics shows in 2018, six of Ohio’s 10 most common jobs paid wages so low that a family of three would need to use food assistance to make ends meet signifies any recent growth of the economy is likely attributed to increasing low wage jobs that do not support the basic needs of individuals, much less support a family,” said Steve Wagner, Co-Chair of AOF. “Though we are heartened by the attention paid to these issues, the basic needs and support systems of children and families have been ignored for too long, and our most vulnerable have fallen further away from the quality of life we would expect in a state as prosperous as Ohio. We must follow through on the Governor’s commitment to help those who have been left behind.”

AOF recommends the Senate include the following policies in the operating budget to truly improve the lives of children and families now, and for generations to come:

• Make the state Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) Refundable

• Increase the Ohio Works First benefit level

• Increase investment in SNAP Education and Training (E&T)

For more information on these proposals, click here

The State of Senior Hunger in America

The most recent report, released in 2019 using 2017 data, found that 5.5 million seniors, or 7.7% of the senior population, were food insecure in 2017. The rate of food insecurity among seniors is lower in recent years but remains significantly higher than it was in 2007.

Feeding America

Across the United States, millions of people are food
insecure, which means having limited access to enough
nutritious food to live a healthy lifestyle. As of 2017, 7.7% of seniors age 60 and older, or 5.5 million seniors overall, are food insecure. The rate and number of food-insecure seniors is essentially unchanged from 2016. However, the current rate of food insecurity among seniors remains significantly elevated above the rate before the Great Recession (6.3% in 2007), and the current number of
seniors who are food insecure is still more than double the
number in 2001 (2.3 million).

Food insecurity has negative effects for individuals
across the age spectrum. For seniors, these effects can
be particularly problematic given the unique health,
economic, and nutritional challenges that can come with
aging. With the growth of the senior population that has
been projected for the coming decades, senior food
insecurity is likely to remain a personal and public health
challenge in the years to come.

Read the full report here

Last Minute Budget Amendment Not Healthy for Ohio

The Healthy Ohio Program pulls the rug out from under the number of positive health and human service investments included in the bill by putting the health and stability of over a million Ohioans at risk.

AOF strongly opposes the last minute inclusion of the Healthy Ohio Program in the state budget bill. The proposal shifts costs to parents and families who are already struggling, reduces access and coverage of necessary care and increases administrative burdens and costs to the state.

The proposal required Medicaid recipients to pay premiums for their health care.

Individuals who cannot afford to pay premiums would be moved to a new “basic” Medicaid program under diminished covered care. The “basic” program would not be required to cover benefits like prescriptions, addiction screening, ambulances, oxygen, mental health counseling, wheelchairs and other services.

Ohio’s Medicaid program as it exists today – without barriers for coverage – conclusively demonstrates that boosting access to health care, including addiction and mental health services, has been critical to the health, financial stability and employment of hundreds of thousands of Ohioans.

We urge the Ohio House of Representatives to continue to recognize not only the improved health and stability outcomes from Medicaid expansion, but the financial outcomes and savings the program affords our state.

Read our full statement here

More Dollars Needed for Basic Needs In House Budget

AOF acknowledges and appreciates the investments and initiatives within the Substitute House Bill 166.

AOF applauds the Ohio House’s recognition that investing in Ohio builds a better future. This budget includes important investments in Ohioans and Ohio communities which will promote and support family stability and self-sufficiency,” said AOF Co-Chair Steve Wagner. “However, the basic needs of Ohio’s children and families have been ignored for too long, and our most vulnerable have fallen further away from the quality of life we would expect in a state as prosperous as Ohio. More can be done to truly improve the lives of children and families now, and for generations to come.”

“While Sub HB 166 boosts investment in some social determinants of health, deeper investment is needed in early care and education, food assistance, protective services for seniors, direct aid, and job training for the poorest families, public transportation funding and refundability for the earned income tax credit,” said Tara Britton, AOF Co-Chair. “The important investments we see in this budget -and the investments necessary to improve systems across the spectrum of health and human services-should be supported by predictable and sustainable state-based funding now, and in the future.We must follow through on the Governor’s commitment to help those who have been left behind.

Read AOF’s Testimony on the House Budget here

AOF Urges USDA to Withdraw Rule Restricting SNAP

The proposed rule would reduce access to basic nutrition assistance in the poorest areas in the state, restrict Ohio’s ability to help its most disadvantaged workers, and discriminate on the basis of race.

In Ohio, nearly 1.4 million, or one in six people across the state rely on SNAP to help buy groceries each month. SNAP serves as a vital safety net to ensure low-wage workers do not go hungry when their hours are reduced or they become unemployed, and is widely regarded as one of the most effective programs in the country for alleviating poverty.

Though the average SNAP benefit in Ohio is only about $4 per day per recipient, this assistance significantly reduces food insecurity and frees up recipients’ limited incomes to address other hardships like paying bills and rent.

If the proposed rule took effect today with the new unemployment threshold for waiver eligibility, only three Ohio counties would qualify for a time limit waiver. Currently, 38 counties qualify.

Advocates for Ohio’s Future recommends that the federal government withdraw the USDA’s proposed rule and maintain the authorization of state waivers for “areas of high unemployment” under the current criteria, which has proven to provide vital nutrition assistance for Ohio’s most vulnerable citizens.

Read our full comments here

AOF Disappointed in CMS Approval of 1115 Medicaid Waiver

AOF and thousands of other groups and individuals testified in opposition to the waiver and offered warnings of the damage its enactment would cause to critically necessary access to health care without barriers for low-income Ohioans.

Advocates for Ohio’s Future (AOF) expressed disappointment in CMS’s decision to approve Ohio’s Work Requirements and Community Engagement Waiver for the Medicaid expansion population, submitted by the Kasich Administration as required by lawmakers in the last state budget.

AOF strongly supports Ohio’s Medicaid expansion. Good health is critical for maintaining a job, earning an education, parenting, and participating in community life. Health must come first on the path to self-sufficiency.

Read our full comments here

AOF Encouraged by DeWine's State of the State Commitments

AOF praised Governor DeWine’s commitment to invest in Ohio’s children, workers and our collective future in his first State of the State address

Governor Mike DeWine outlined his priorities in his first State of the State address March 5th. He emphasized the time has come to invest in Ohio’s future, and face problems the state has put off for far too long, head on.

Governor DeWine committed to investments in:

• Roads and bridges

• Safe water

• Preventing infant mortality and programming for at-risk mothers

• Expanded capacity to address mental health and addiction issues for children and adults

• Quality early childhood education

• Children’s services and foster care

• Programs for aging and older adults

• Opportunity zones for workforce development and job training

AOF is encouraged by Governor DeWine’s commitments in human services and public health programs. We look forward to working with the DeWine administration and members of the General Assembly to follow through on these important investments and policy changes.

Read our full statement here

Updated Resource Card Gives a Snapshot of Poverty in Ohio

Printer-friendly resource card gives you a snapshot of poverty in Ohio that you can easily share with friends, colleagues and legislators.

Ohio’s communities thrive when people feel safe, have good jobs and can afford the basics. Unfortunately, a job doesn’t always mean a living and Ohioans across the state aren’t making enough to make ends meet.

AOF’s updated Ohio Poverty Snapshot Resource Card highlights that despite signs of an economic recovery, too many Ohioans are living in poverty. One side of the card shows the 2019 Federal Poverty Guidelines that are used to determine who is and who is not eligible for benefits through public support programs and the other highlights that most common Ohio jobs leave working Ohioans in need of extra support.

Join the Conversation:

• We encourage you to print and share the Ohio Poverty Snapshot Resource Card with your friends, colleagues and your state lawmakers.

• If you would like a copy of the card sent to you, please send us an email with your name and mailing address.

• When you talk with people, highlight that government investments in public support programs benefit all Ohioans.

• Use the hashtag #poorwhileworking when posting about poverty in Ohio on social media.

AOF Unveils 2020-21 Budget Priorities, Urge Incorporation in Budget Bill

Columbus – Advocates for Ohio’s Future (AOF) previewed its 2020-21 budget and policy priorities in a press conference on January 28.

The health and human services coalition focuses on policy areas that support healthy children and families, quality communities and pathways to prosperity for all so all Ohioans can live better lives.

Human services play a key role in stabilizing individuals and families so they can compete and thrive in the 21st century economy. Our state has an opportunity to prepare Ohioans to acquire and maintain quality jobs, so in the long run, they can support themselves and their families.

“Bold policy reform and investments are needed so Ohioans can climb the ladder up and out of poverty, said AOF Co-Chair Steve Wagner. “Ohio needs targeted investments in our greatest asset— our people.”

“We agree with Governor DeWine: We have a moral obligation to reach out and support at-risk children and families,” said Tara Britton, coalition Co-Chair. “It will take robust public investments and policy changes that address the needs of low-income families holistically to strengthen Ohio’s families and workforce to make all Ohioans healthy and competitive.”

Read the full press release here

Review AOF’s 2020-21 priorities:

• Healthy Children & Families

• Quality Communities

• Pathways to Prosperity for All

PCSAO: Severe Crisis in Ohio's Children Services System

The impact of the opioid epidemic on the children services system has been astounding. The system is in critical need of reforms and resources to promote safe children, stable families and supportive communities.

Children are entering the foster care at higher rates than ever before. The system has seen a 28% increase since 2013, with 17% more kids (2,385) entering in the last 24 months.

If the current conditions continue, Ohio will have nearly 19,000 children in foster care by 2020.

Click here to read the Public Children Services Association of Ohio’s full report and learn more about how the opioid epidemic is impacting kids and their families, and what the state can do to reform the system.